# How to install Nginx Need a fast web server? Nginx is perfect for your VPS. It's lightweight, handles lots of traffic, and is easy to configure. Let's get it running with multiple websites. ### Step 1: Update System ```bash # Ubuntu/Debian sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y # CentOS/RHEL sudo yum update -y ``` ### Step 2: Install Nginx #### Ubuntu/Debian: ```bash sudo apt install nginx -y ``` #### CentOS/RHEL 8+: ```bash sudo dnf install nginx -y ``` #### CentOS/RHEL 7: ```bash sudo yum install nginx -y ``` ### Step 3: Start and Enable ```bash sudo systemctl start nginx sudo systemctl enable nginx sudo systemctl status nginx ``` Should show "active (running)". ### Step 4: Configure Firewall Allow HTTP and HTTPS: #### Ubuntu/Debian (UFW): ```bash sudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full' sudo ufw enable sudo ufw status ``` #### CentOS/RHEL (firewalld): ```bash sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https sudo firewall-cmd --reload sudo firewall-cmd --list-all ``` ### Step 5: Test Installation Visit in browser: ``` http://your-server-ip ``` You should see the Nginx welcome page. ### Step 6: Nginx Directory Structure Important directories: * `/etc/nginx/` - Configuration files * `/var/www/html/` - Default web root * `/var/log/nginx/` - Log files * `/usr/share/nginx/html/` - Default files (CentOS) ### Step 7: Create Your First Website #### 1. Create website directory: ```bash sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/html ``` #### 2. Set permissions: ```bash sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/example.com/html sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/example.com ``` #### 3. Create test page: ```bash nano /var/www/example.com/html/index.html ``` Add: ```html Welcome to Example.com!

Success! Nginx is working.

This is your first website on ITITAN Hosting.

``` ### Step 8: Create Virtual Host (Server Block) #### Ubuntu/Debian: ```bash sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com ``` #### CentOS/RHEL: ```bash sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf ``` Add this configuration: ```nginx server { listen 80; listen [::]:80; server_name example.com www.example.com; root /var/www/example.com/html; index index.html index.htm; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; } # Deny access to .htaccess files location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } ``` #### Enable site (Ubuntu/Debian only): ```bash sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ ``` ### Step 9: Test and Reload ```bash # Test configuration sudo nginx -t # If syntax is OK, reload sudo systemctl reload nginx ``` ### Step 10: Test Your Website Visit `http://your-server-ip` (or your domain if DNS is set). ### Step 11: Basic Performance Tuning #### Edit main config: ```bash sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf ``` Inside `http` block, add: ```nginx # Basic performance settings client_max_body_size 100M; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # Gzip compression gzip on; gzip_vary on; gzip_min_length 1024; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/javascript application/xml+rss application/json; ``` #### Restart: ```bash sudo systemctl restart nginx ``` ### Step 12: Set Up PHP with Nginx (Optional) #### Install PHP-FPM: ```bash # Ubuntu/Debian sudo apt install php-fpm php-mysql -y # CentOS/RHEL sudo dnf install php-fpm php-mysqlnd -y ``` #### Configure Nginx for PHP: Edit your site config, add: ```nginx location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; # Ubuntu/Debian # include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; # CentOS/RHEL fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock; # Adjust version fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } ``` #### Test PHP: ```bash echo "" > /var/www/example.com/html/info.php ``` Visit `http://your-server-ip/info.php` (remove after testing!). ### Common Issues #### "Nginx won't start" ```bash # Check error logs sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/error.log # Test config sudo nginx -t ``` #### "403 Forbidden" ```bash # Check permissions sudo ls -la /var/www/example.com/ # Fix ownership sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com # Ubuntu sudo chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/example.com # CentOS ``` #### "502 Bad Gateway" ```bash # Check PHP-FPM sudo systemctl status php-fpm # Check socket ls -la /var/run/php/ ``` ### Useful Commands #### Check Nginx version: ```bash nginx -v ``` #### Reload configuration (no downtime): ```bash sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx ``` #### Check active connections: ```bash sudo netstat -anp | grep nginx ``` #### View access logs: ```bash sudo tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log ``` ### Security Tips 1. Remove default Nginx page 2. Hide Nginx version in headers 3. Set up proper file permissions 4. Regular updates: `sudo apt upgrade nginx` That's it! Your Nginx server is ready to host websites. 🎉 --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs.ititanhosting.ro/docs/english/vps/linux/how-to-install-nginx.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.